Stitching has always been the core of sewing, it is commonly known that there is a beginning and an end to stitching. Beginning a stitch is as crucial as ending it. Ending a stitch ensures fabric is secured and prevents unraveling at the end of the seam. Stitching can be ended manually or through the use of a sewing machine. To end a stitch manually, one would pull the bobbin thread to the top of the fabric and tie it with the top thread. However, this article focuses on how to end a stitch using a sewing machine.
Ending a stitch on a sewing machine requires precision and careful attention, it is an important step in ensuring the longevity of your sewn item. To end a stitch on a sewing machine, the first step is to sew a few reverse stitches, this will prevent the seam from unraveling. Next, lift the presser foot and pull the threads to the back of the fabric, this will create a small loop. Finally, cut the threads close to the fabric, leaving a small tail. Now that you know how to end a stitch on a sewing machine, you can ensure that your sewn items are secure and long-lasting.
There are a few additional tips that can help you end a stitch on a sewing machine, first, always use a knot or backstitch at the beginning and end of your seam, this will prevent the seam from unraveling. Second, use the correct thread tension for your fabric and thread, this will help ensure that your stitches are secure. Finally, practice ending stitches on scrap fabric before you start sewing on your actual project. This will help you get the hang of it and avoid any mistakes.
Identifying the Type of Stitch
Recognizing Stitch Variations
Sewing machines offer a vast array of stitches, each with its own unique purpose and appearance. Understanding the different types of stitches is crucial for achieving the desired results in your sewing projects. Here are some common stitch variations to familiarize yourself with:
| Stitch Name | Description | Use |
|---|---|---|
| Straight Stitch | A basic stitch with a straight line of even stitches. | General sewing, seams, topstitching |
| Zigzag Stitch | A serrated stitch with alternating short and long stitches. | Overcasting edges, finishing seams, adding decorative details |
| Stretch Stitch | A flexible stitch designed for stretchy fabrics. | Knits, swimwear, spandex |
| Blind Hem Stitch | An invisible stitch that conceals the thread on the garment’s surface. | Hems, delicate fabrics |
Identifying Your Machine’s Stitch Settings
Your sewing machine’s stitch dial or digital display typically features a range of stitch options. Each stitch is represented by a unique symbol or number. Refer to your machine’s user manual to determine the corresponding stitch type for each setting.
Experimentation and Practice
The best way to become familiar with different stitches is through experimentation. Practice stitching on scrap fabric and observe the results. Experiment with various stitch lengths, widths, and combinations to discover the possibilities and find the stitches that suit your projects best.
Using the Manual Release Lever
Locate the manual release lever, typically situated on the right-hand side of the machine, just above the needle plate. This lever is often made of plastic or metal and has a small protrusion or button. Engage the lever by gently pressing or pulling it towards you.
As you engage the manual release lever, the needle will lift slightly and the tension on the thread will be released. This allows you to maneuver the fabric freely and gently pull the thread out from underneath the presser foot without risking a tangle or breakage.
The manual release lever is a particularly useful tool when dealing with thick or delicate fabrics that require careful handling. It provides a convenient and controlled way to manipulate the thread and fabric without damaging the material. Here is a step-by-step guide to using the manual release lever:
| Step | Action |
|---|---|
| 1 | Identify and locate the manual release lever on your sewing machine. |
| 2 | Engage the lever by gently pressing or pulling it towards you. |
| 3 | Carefully maneuver the fabric and gently pull the thread out from beneath the presser foot. |
| 4 | Release the manual release lever to resume sewing. |
Utilizing the Reverse Lever
The reverse lever, typically located on the front or side of the machine, is a convenient tool for securing the end of a stitch. When engaged, it reverses the direction of the needle, creating a series of stitches that overlap the previous ones. This process, known as backstitching or reinforcing, adds strength and prevents the seam from unraveling.
Step-by-Step Guide to Utilizing the Reverse Lever:
1. Position the Fabric:
Place the fabric under the presser foot, ensuring the needle is inserted into the desired end point of the seam.
2. Engage the Reverse Lever:
Locate the reverse lever on the machine and move it to the “reverse” position. The lever may have a small switch or a symbol (e.g., an arrow pointing backwards) to indicate this mode.
3. Backstitch:
Slowly depress the foot pedal to start sewing. The needle will begin moving in the reverse direction, creating a series of overlapping stitches. The recommended length of the reverse stitch is typically between 2-5 stitches, depending on the fabric and desired level of reinforcement. After creating the desired number of stitches, release the foot pedal.
4. Disengage the Reverse Lever:
Once the backstitching is complete, move the reverse lever back to the “forward” position. This will switch the machine back to its normal sewing mode.
| Reverse Stitch Length | Applicable Fabric Types |
|---|---|
| 2-3 stitches | Lightweight fabrics (e.g., silk, chiffon) |
| 3-4 stitches | Medium-weight fabrics (e.g., cotton, linen) |
| 4-5 stitches | Heavyweight fabrics (e.g., denim, canvas) |
Holding the Bobbin and Needle Threads
When you’re finished sewing, it’s important to properly end the stitch to prevent the thread from unraveling. To do this, follow these steps:
1. Sew a few reverse stitches
Press the reverse stitch button on your sewing machine and sew a few stitches in reverse. This will help to secure the thread and prevent it from unraveling.
2. Lift the presser foot
Once you’ve sewn a few reverse stitches, lift the presser foot and pull the fabric out from under the needle.
3. Pull the threads through the back of the fabric
Take the bobbin thread and the needle thread and pull them through the back of the fabric. This will help to secure the stitch even further.
4. Tie the threads together
Once you’ve pulled the threads through the back of the fabric, tie them together in a knot. This will help to prevent the stitch from unraveling.
| **Here are some additional tips for ending stitches:** |
| – If you’re using a serger, you can simply cut the threads and the serger will automatically finish the stitch. |
| – If you’re sewing a stretchy fabric, you may want to use a zigzag stitch to finish the seam. This will help to prevent the seam from stretching and unraveling. |
| – Always make sure to test your stitches on a scrap piece of fabric before sewing on your actual project. This will help to ensure that you’re using the correct stitch and that the stitch is secure. |
Cutting the Threads Correctly
Cutting the threads correctly is essential to avoid tangles and ensure a clean finish. Here’s how to do it:
- Raise the presser foot: This will release tension on the threads and make them easier to cut.
- Cut the upper thread: Use sharp scissors to cut the thread about 1 inch from the top of the needle.
- Cut the lower thread: Turn the handwheel to raise the bobbin case and cut the thread about 1 inch from the bobbin.
- Pull the threads through the machine: Gently pull the thread tails through the machine to ensure there are no loose ends.
- Trim the thread ends: Use the scissors to trim the thread tails to a desired length, typically around 1/4-1/2 inch, preventing fraying.
Using a Thread Cutter
For added convenience, you can use a thread cutter that is typically located on the sewing machine. Here’s how:
- Locate the thread cutter: It is usually a small blade or hook-like device near the needle.
- Cut the threads: Position the thread tails over the cutter and gently pull them through to cut both threads simultaneously.
| Advantages of Using a Thread Cutter |
|---|
| Quick and convenient |
| Cuts both threads at once |
| Keeps the work area tidy |
Fixing a Jammed Stitch
A jammed stitch can be a frustrating experience, but it’s usually a quick and easy fix. Follow these steps to resolve the issue:
- Unplug the sewing machine: Always unplug the machine before performing any repairs.
- Remove the fabric: Carefully remove the fabric from the machine.
- Check the bobbin: Inspect the bobbin for any thread tangles or jams. Remove any loose threads and reinsert the bobbin.
- Check the needle: Examine the needle for any damage or bent tips. If necessary, replace the needle with a new one.
- Inspect the feed dogs: Clean the feed dogs with a soft brush to remove any lint or fabric buildup.
- Rethread the machine: Double-check that the machine is properly threaded according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
- Use a tweezers to remove any stuck thread: Carefully use a pair of tweezers to gently remove any stuck threads from the machine.
- Oil the machine: Apply a few drops of sewing machine oil to the moving parts of the machine.
- Test the machine: Plug the machine back in and run a small piece of fabric through it to confirm the fix.
Causes of Jammed Stitches
Common causes of jammed stitches include:
| Cause | Solution |
|---|---|
| Incorrect needle | Use the appropriate needle for the fabric and thread weight. |
| Loose thread tension | Adjust the thread tension to the recommended setting. |
| Lint or fabric buildup | Clean the machine regularly to remove any debris. |
| Faulty needle | Replace the needle with a new one. |
| Incorrect threading | Rethread the machine carefully according to the manufacturer’s instructions. |
Troubleshooting Broken Needles
1. Blunt or Damaged Needles
Using blunt or damaged needles is a common cause of breakage. Inspect the needle regularly for any visible damage or wear and replace it when necessary.
2. Incorrect Needle Size or Type
Ensure that you are using the correct needle size and type for the fabric and thread you are working with. Using an incorrect needle can put undue stress on the needle, leading to breakage.
3. Misaligned Needle
Make sure that the needle is correctly inserted into the machine and is aligned with the needle hole. A misaligned needle can cause it to bend and break.
4. Incorrect Thread Tension
Excessive thread tension can put stress on the needle and cause it to break. Adjust the thread tension to the recommended setting for your fabric and thread.
5. Obstructions in the Fabric
If there are any obstructions in the fabric, such as pins, needles, or hard objects, they can cause the needle to hit and break. Always check the fabric for any potential hazards before sewing.
6. Incorrect Machine Settings
Ensure that the machine settings are correct for the fabric and thread you are using. Incorrect settings, such as too high a sewing speed or too much pressure, can put strain on the needle and cause it to break.
7. Other Potential Causes
| Cause | Solution |
|---|---|
| Improper lubrication | Clean and lubricate the machine regularly according to the manufacturer’s instructions. |
| Faulty needle clamp | Inspect the needle clamp for any looseness or damage and replace it if necessary. |
| Damaged needle bar | Consult a qualified repair technician to inspect and repair the needle bar if needed. |
Avoiding Loose Threads
To prevent unsightly loose threads at the end of your seam, follow these steps:
- Sew a few reverse stitches: After you reach the edge of the fabric, press the reverse stitch button on your machine and sew a few stitches in the opposite direction. This will lock the thread in place and prevent it from unraveling later.
- Tie a knot in the ends: Once you’ve sewn a few reverse stitches, pull the threads out of the machine and tie them together in a small knot. This will further secure the threads and prevent them from coming undone.
- Trim the threads: After you’ve tied a knot, trim the excess threads close to the knot. This will give your seam a clean and professional finish.
- Use a thread sealant: If you’re concerned about the threads coming undone over time, you can apply a small amount of thread sealant to the knot. This will help to keep the threads in place and prevent fraying.
- Use a serger: If you have a serger, you can use it to finish the edges of your seams. This will create a professional-looking edge and prevent the threads from unraveling.
- Use a fusible web: You can also use a fusible web to finish the edges of your seams. This is a thin, heat-activated adhesive that will bond the fabric together and prevent the threads from fraying.
- Use a needle threader: A needle threader can help you to thread your needle quickly and easily. This can save you time and frustration, especially if you’re working with a fine thread.
- Use the correct needle size: Using the correct needle size for your fabric will help to prevent the thread from breaking or fraying. A general rule of thumb is to use a smaller needle for finer fabrics and a larger needle for thicker fabrics.
Ending Your Stitch Using a Hand Knot
If you don’t have a sewing machine, you can end your stitch using a hand knot. To do this, follow these steps:
- Pull the threads out of the needle: Once you reach the end of your seam, pull the threads out of the needle.
- Tie a knot in the ends: Tie the two threads together in a small knot.
- Trim the threads: Trim the excess threads close to the knot.
Maintaining Proper Tension
When it comes to sewing, maintaining the proper tension is crucial for achieving neat and durable seams. Here are some tips to help you adjust and maintain the tension correctly:
1. Check Thread Type and Compatibility: Different thread types and thicknesses require varying tension settings. Ensure that the thread you’re using is compatible with both the sewing machine and the fabric you’re sewing.
2. Inspect Needle and Bobbin: A bent or damaged needle can interfere with tension. Replace the needle regularly, especially if it shows any signs of wear.
3. Tighten the Bobbin Thread: The bobbin thread should be slightly tighter than the top thread. Use the bobbin tension screw to adjust it. A properly tensioned bobbin thread should resist being pulled out easily, but not so tightly that it causes puckering.
4. Loosen the Top Thread: The top thread should be loose enough to allow the bobbin thread to loop properly around it. Adjust the top tension dial accordingly. If the top thread is too tight, it will pull the fabric down, creating puckers.
5. Check Threading: Incorrect threading can lead to tension issues. Ensure that the thread is properly threaded through all the guides and tension discs.
6. Adjust the Feed Dog Pressure: The feed dog pressure can also affect tension. Adjust it to match the thickness of the fabric being sewn. If the pressure is too high, it can cause the fabric to bunch up, while too low pressure can result in skipped stitches.
7. Test Stitch on Scrap Fabric: Always test your stitch settings on a scrap piece of fabric before sewing on your actual project. Examine the stitches for any signs of puckering, skipped stitches, or uneven tension.
8. Use a Tension Meter (Optional): A tension meter can provide an objective measure of the top and bottom thread tension. It helps fine-tune the settings for optimum stitch quality.
9. Tension Troubleshooting Table: Refer to the table below for a quick guide to identifying and resolving common tension issues.
| Issue | Cause | Solution |
|---|---|---|
| Puckered seams | Top thread too tight | Loosen the top tension |
| Loose or skipped stitches | Top thread too loose | Tighten the top tension |
| Thread breakage | Tension too tight | Loosen the top or bobbin tension |
| Fabric bunching | Feed dog pressure too high | Reduce the feed dog pressure |
| Skipping stitches | Fabric too thick for needle size | Use a larger needle or thinner fabric |
Ensuring a Clean Finish
To ensure a clean and professional-looking finish when ending a sewing machine stitch:
1. Backstitch
Sew a few stitches backward over the last few stitches you just made. This reinforces the seam and prevents it from unraveling.
2. Tie Off the Threads
Once you’ve backstitched, pull the threads taut and knot them together tightly. This will secure the ends and prevent fraying.
3. Trim the Excess Thread
Use sharp scissors to trim the excess thread close to the knot, leaving about 1/4 inch of tail.
4. Use a Fray Check Solution
Apply a fray check solution to the trimmed ends of the thread to prevent further fraying.
5. Tuck in the Threads
Turn the fabric over and tuck the remaining thread tails into the seam allowance. This will hide them from view and prevent them from catching on anything.
6. Iron the Seam
Iron the seam over the tucked-in threads to secure them further.
7. Reinforce the End
If the seam is likely to experience significant stress, consider reinforcing it with a bar tack or additional stitching.
8. Use a Decorative Stitch
For a decorative finish, use a decorative stitch to sew over the end of the seam, such as a scallop or zig-zag stitch.
9. Use a Thread Nipper
Invest in a thread nipper, which is a specialized tool designed for trimming thread ends cleanly and precisely.
10. Finish the Seam with a Sewing Machine
Depending on the fabric and the intended use of the seam, you can use a variety of sewing machine stitches to finish the seam cleanly. Some common finishing stitches include:
| Stitch | Description |
|---|---|
| Blind Hem | Creates an invisible hem that is perfect for lightweight fabrics. |
| Serging | Overcasts the edges of fabric to prevent fraying and create a professional finish. |
| Zigzag | A versatile stitch that can be used to finish edges, reinforce seams, and create decorative effects. |
How To End Sewing Machine Stitch
To properly end a sewing machine stitch, follow these steps:
- Sew a few stitches in reverse.
- Lift the presser foot and pull the fabric back slightly.
- Cut the thread close to the fabric.
- Lower the presser foot and sew a few stitches forward to secure the thread.
- Lift the presser foot and remove the fabric.
People Also Ask
How do I avoid the thread from unraveling after sewing?
To prevent the thread from unraveling, you can backstitch a few stitches at the beginning and end of your seam. You can also use a knotting stitch or a thread conditioner to help keep the thread in place.
What is the best way to end a seam?
The best way to end a seam is to backstitch a few stitches, then cut the thread and tie it off. You can also use a knotting stitch or a thread conditioner to help keep the thread in place.
How do I prevent the fabric from fraying?
To prevent the fabric from fraying, you can use a fray check solution or a zigzag stitch to seal the edges of the fabric.
