Mastering the art of sewing elastic is a valuable skill that can elevate your sewing projects to the next level. Whether you’re creating custom garments, home décor, or accessories, incorporating elastic into your designs adds comfort, functionality, and a touch of professional polish. However, sewing elastic can be a bit tricky if you don’t have the right technique. In this comprehensive guide, we’ll walk you through everything you need to know about sewing elastic, from choosing the right type to using the proper techniques.
The first step in sewing elastic is to choose the right type for your project. Elastic comes in various widths, tensions, and materials, so it’s essential to select one that will work well with your fabric and the desired result. For instance, if you’re working with a delicate fabric, you’ll want to use a narrow, lightweight elastic. Conversely, if you’re creating a more robust item like a waistband or headband, you’ll need a wider, heavier elastic. Additionally, consider the desired tension of the elastic. For items that need to stretch quite a bit, such as swimwear or activewear, opt for a high-tension elastic. For less stretchy applications, a low-tension elastic will suffice.
Once you’ve selected the right elastic, it’s time to prepare it for sewing. First, measure and cut the elastic to the desired length. Next, secure the ends of the elastic with a small piece of masking tape or a stitch to prevent fraying. If the elastic is particularly thick or stiff, you can also steam it briefly to make it more pliable and easier to work with. Finally, choose the appropriate stitch for your project. For most applications, a zigzag stitch is the best choice as it provides a secure and stretchy seam. However, you can also use a straight stitch if desired.
Materials You’ll Need
Fabric
The type of fabric you choose will depend on the purpose of your project. For garments that stretch and move with you, such as workout clothes or undergarments, you’ll need a stretchy fabric like spandex or jersey. For projects that don’t require much stretch, such as curtains or pillow covers, you can use a non-stretchy fabric like cotton or linen.
Elastic
There are different types of elastic available, each with its own unique properties. Consider the following factors when choosing elastic:
| Type of Elastic | Properties |
|---|---|
| Woven Elastic | Strong and durable, with a firm stretch |
| Knit Elastic | Soft and comfortable, with a light stretch |
| Fold-over Elastic | Thin and stretchy, with a soft, plush feel |
| Elastic Cord | Round and stretchy, perfect for making drawstrings or cinch cords |
Thread
Use a thread that matches the weight and color of your fabric. For stretchy fabrics, use a stretchy thread to prevent puckering. For non-stretchy fabrics, any type of thread will do.
Needle
Use a needle that is suitable for the type of fabric you are using. A universal needle is a good choice for most fabrics. If you are using a very thin or delicate fabric, use a sharp needle to avoid tearing the fabric. If you are using a thick or heavy fabric, use a strong needle to prevent bending or breaking.
Choosing the Right Elastic
Selecting the appropriate elastic for your project is pivotal. There are various types, each with unique characteristics, so it’s essential to consider the following factors:
Elasticity: This refers to the amount of stretch a particular elastic can endure before returning to its original shape. Opt for a highly elastic type if you require significant stretch, such as for sportswear or swimwear.
Width: The width of the elastic determines its coverage area. Narrower elastics (e.g., 1/4 inch) are suitable for delicate applications like lingerie, while wider elastics (e.g., 1 inch) provide sturdier support for waistbands and headbands.
Material: Elastics are typically made from natural rubber, synthetic fibers, or a blend of both. Natural rubber is durable and stretchy, but can be prone to yellowing over time. Synthetic fibers offer consistent elasticity and resistance to stains and chemicals.
Coverage: The coverage of elastic refers to the area it covers when stretched. Some elastics have a higher coverage than others, providing a more secure fit. Consider the desired tension and stability when selecting the appropriate coverage.
Comfort: Choose an elastic that feels comfortable against the skin, especially if it will be worn for extended periods. Soft and breathable elastics are ideal for garments that are in direct contact with your body.
| Characteristic | Application |
|---|---|
| High Elasticity | Sportswear, swimwear |
| Narrow Width | Lingerie, lace |
| Wide Width | Waistbands, headbands |
| Natural Rubber | Durability, stretch |
| Synthetic Fibers | Consistency, stain resistance |
Measuring and Cutting the Elastic
1. Measure and Mark the Waistband
Wrap the elastic around your waist or the waist of the garment you’re working with. Mark the point where the ends overlap with a safety pin or fabric marker.
2. Calculate the Elastic Length
Remove the elastic and measure the length from one end to the mark. Multiply this measurement by 0.8 to calculate the actual elastic length you need to cut.
3. Cut the Elastic Accurately
Using a sharp pair of scissors, cut the elastic to the calculated length. To ensure a precise cut, follow these tips:
| Tip | Description |
|---|---|
| Use a ruler or measuring tape | Align the elastic along the ruler or tape and make a straight cut at the desired length. |
| Cut at a perpendicular angle | Hold the scissors perpendicular to the elastic to avoid creating uneven ends. |
| Snip both ends at once | Fold the elastic in half and cut both ends simultaneously for symmetry. |
| Trim any loose ends | Carefully trim any frayed or uneven edges to prevent snagging. |
Attaching the Elastic to the Fabric
Once you have measured and cut the elastic, it’s time to attach it to the fabric. Here are step-by-step instructions:
1. Pin the Elastic in Place
Overlap the ends of the elastic by about 1/2 inch. Fold the elastic over the edge of the fabric, aligning the raw edges. Pin the elastic in place, making sure that it is stretched to the desired tension.
2. Zigzag Stitch the Elastic
Using a sewing machine, set the stitch length to a short zigzag stitch. Start sewing at one end of the elastic, stitching over the folded edge and into the fabric. Continue stitching until you reach the other end of the elastic.
3. Remove the Pins
Once you have sewn the elastic in place, remove the pins. The elastic should now be securely attached to the fabric.
4. Secure the Elastic Ends (Advanced Method)
For added strength and durability, you can further secure the elastic ends using a bar tack stitch. Here’s how:
a. Fold the Elastic Over the Fabric
Fold the elastic over the edge of the fabric again, creating a double layer. The raw edges of the elastic should be hidden inside the fold.
b. Bar Tack the Elastic
Using a sewing machine, set the stitch length to a short straight stitch. Sew a series of 5-7 stitches perpendicular to the elastic, forming a small bar.
c. Repeat the Bar Tack
Sew another bar tack about 1/4 inch away from the first one. This will create a secure and reinforced attachment for the elastic.
| Step | Description |
|---|---|
| 1 | Fold elastic over fabric |
| 2 | Bar tack 5-7 stitches |
| 3 | Repeat bar tack 1/4″ away |
Using a Sewing Machine
With a sewing machine, sewing elastic is a quick and straightforward process. Here are the steps to follow:
1. Choose the Right Machine and Stitch
Use a sewing machine with a zigzag stitch or a stretch stitch designed for elastic fabrics. Refer to your machine’s manual for the specific stitch settings.
2. Prepare the Elastic
Measure and cut the desired length of elastic. Fold one end of the elastic about 1/2 inch over itself and sew it together using a straight stitch.
3. Position the Elastic
Place the folded end of the elastic inside the garment, aligning it with the edge where you want it sewn. Pin the elastic in place.
4. Adjust Tension
Reduce the tension on your sewing machine to allow the elastic to stretch easily as you sew.
5. Sew the Elastic
Select the zigzag stitch or stretch stitch and start sewing. Sew along the edge of the garment, parallel to the elastic. Hold the elastic slightly against the fabric as you sew to create tension and keep the elastic flat.
Here are additional tips for sewing elastic with a machine:
| Tip: | Why: |
|---|---|
| Sew in short sections | Prevents the elastic from becoming distorted |
| Use a fine needle | Minimizes damage to the elastic |
| Test your stitch settings | Ensures the elastic stretches and recovers properly |
Hand-Sewing the Elastic
Materials Required
To hand-sew elastic, you will need the following materials:
- Sewing needle
- Thread
- Elastic
- Fabric
Stretch the Fabric
Before sewing the elastic, stretch the fabric to the desired size. This will help to ensure that the elastic is properly fitted when you are finished.
Pin the Elastic to the Fabric
Pin the elastic to the fabric, aligning it with the edge of the fabric. Make sure that the elastic is stretched to the desired size.
Hand-Sew the Elastic
Using a needle and thread, hand-sew the elastic to the fabric. Use a small stitch and make sure that the stitches are secure.
Secure the Elastic
Once the elastic is sewn, secure it by tying the ends together. You can also use a button or a hook and eye to secure the elastic.
Stretch the Elastic
Once the elastic is secured, stretch it to the desired size. This will help to ensure that the elastic is properly fitted and that it will not stretch out too much when it is in use.
Serging the Elastic
Serging the elastic is a great way to finish the edges and prevent fraying. Here’s a step-by-step guide:
1. Choose the Right Stitch
For elastic, a 3-thread overlock stitch is ideal. This stitch will create a durable and flexible seam.
2. Adjust the Tension
Adjust the tension on your serger so that the stitches are slightly loose. This will allow the elastic to stretch without breaking the thread.
3. Guide the Elastic
Place the elastic along the edge of the fabric, with the raw edges aligned. Guide the fabric and elastic through the serger, making sure to keep them flat.
4. Trim the Excess
Once the elastic has been serged, trim any excess fabric or thread. Leave about 1/4 inch of overlap at the ends.
5. Overlap and Stitch
Fold the overlapping ends of the elastic over each other and stitch them together using a stretch stitch on your sewing machine.
6. Reinforce the Ends
To reinforce the ends of the elastic, fold the raw edges under and stitch them together using a zigzag stitch.
7. Hem the Fabric
Once the elastic has been sewn in, hem the fabric as desired. You can use a serger, a sewing machine, or hand-stitch the hem.
Here’s a table summarizing the serging process:
| Step | Action |
|---|---|
| 1 | Choose a 3-thread overlock stitch. |
| 2 | Adjust the tension so that the stitches are slightly loose. |
| 3 | Guide the elastic and fabric through the serger, keeping them flat. |
| 4 | Trim any excess fabric or thread. |
| 5 | Fold the overlapping ends of the elastic and stitch them together. |
| 6 | Reinforce the ends of the elastic by folding the raw edges under and stitching them. |
| 7 | Hem the fabric as desired. |
Troubleshooting Common Issues
Elastic Is Too Loose
This can happen due to overstretching or poor-quality elastic. To fix it, replace the elastic with a new one that is the appropriate size and tension for your project.
Elastic Is Too Tight
This could be the result of using too much elastic or attaching it too tightly. To correct it, remove some of the elastic or adjust the attachment method to reduce tension.
Elastic Is Twisted
This can be caused by improper handling or sewing. To fix it, unwind the elastic and re-sew it, taking care to avoid twisting it as you go.
Elastic Is Puckering
Puckering occurs when the fabric gathers around the elastic. To prevent this, use a thin, flexible elastic that will not cause the fabric to bunch up.
Elastic Is Breaking
This can happen due to excessive stretching or poor-quality elastic. To fix it, replace the elastic with a stronger one that is designed for the intended use.
Elastic Is Not Stretchy Enough
This can be the result of using the wrong type of elastic. To fix it, use a stretchier elastic that is better suited to your project.
Elastic Is Sewing Out of Place
This can happen if the elastic is not attached properly. To fix it, remove the elastic and re-sew it, making sure to secure it evenly to the fabric.
Elastic Is Not Covering Enough Area
This can be the result of using too little elastic or attaching it too narrowly. To fix it, add more elastic or adjust the attachment method to increase coverage.
Machine vs. Hand Sewing
Both machine and hand sewing can be used to sew elastic. Machine sewing is faster and more precise, but hand sewing is often necessary for more delicate fabrics. If you are using a sewing machine, be sure to use a needle that is designed for elastic.
Choosing the Right Thread
Use a thread that is strong enough to hold the elastic in place. A cotton or polyester thread is usually a good choice. The thread should also be a matching color to the elastic.
Preparing The Fabric
Before you start sewing, you need to prepare the fabric. First, stay-stitch the edges of the fabric (see Staystitching below). This will help to prevent the fabric from stretching out of shape.
Elasticating Different Types Of Fabrics
Different fabrics require different elastication techniques. For example, lightweight fabrics may only need a narrow elastic, while heavier fabrics may require a wider elastic or even multiple elastics.
Measuring and Cutting The Elastic
Measure the length of the elastic that you need and cut it to size. Be sure to add a little extra length to the elastic so that you can comfortably stretch it when sewing.
Attaching The Elastic
There are two main ways to attach elastic: topstitching and zigzag stitching. Topstitching is a more durable method, but zigzag stitching is more stretchy (see Topstitching and Zigzag Stitching below).
Staystitching
Staystitching is a technique used to prevent the fabric from stretching out of shape. To staystitch, sew a straight stitch along the edges of the fabric, about 1/4 inch from the edge.
Topstitching and Zigzag Stitching
Topstitching is a technique used to attach elastic to the fabric. To topstitch, sew a straight stitch along the edge of the elastic, about 1/8 inch from the edge. Zigzag stitching is a technique used to attach elastic to the fabric. To zigzag stitch, sew a zigzag stitch along the edge of the elastic, about 1/8 inch from the edge.
Types Of Elastic
There are different types of elastic available, each with its own unique properties. Some of the most common types of elastic include: flat elastic, fold-over elastic, and braided elastic.
| Type of elastic | Description |
|---|---|
| Flat elastic | Flat elastic is the most common type of elastic. It is made from a thin strip of rubber or other elastic material. |
| Fold-over elastic | Fold-over elastic is a type of flat elastic that has been folded in half. This gives it a more finished look and makes it less likely to fray. |
| Braided elastic | Braided elastic is a type of elastic that is made from multiple strands of elastic material that are braided together. |
Creative Uses for Elastic
1. Making a Headband
Elastic is an excellent material for creating headbands that are both stylish and comfortable. You can use various fabrics, such as cotton, velvet, or lace, to make a headband that matches your personal style.
2. Creating a Waistband
Elastic can be used to make a waistband for skirts, pants, or dresses. This is a great way to add a touch of elasticity to your garments, making them more comfortable to wear.
3. Making a Bracelet
Elastic can be used to make bracelets that are both fun and fashionable. You can use different colors and patterns of elastic to create bracelets that are unique to you.
4. Creating a Necklace
Elastic can be used to make necklaces that are both delicate and stylish. You can use different colors and patterns of elastic to create necklaces that are perfect for any outfit.
5. Making a Scrunchie
Elastic is a great material for making scrunchies that are both functional and stylish. You can use different fabrics, such as cotton, velvet, or lace, to make scrunchies that match your personal style.
6. Creating a Hair Tie
Elastic can be used to make hair ties that are both gentle and effective. You can use different colors and patterns of elastic to create hair ties that are perfect for any occasion.
7. Making a Shoe Laces
Elastic can be used to make shoelaces that are both durable and comfortable. You can use different colors and patterns of elastic to create shoelaces that are unique to you.
8. Creating a Bookmark
Elastic can be used to make bookmarks that are both functional and stylish. You can use different colors and patterns of elastic to create bookmarks that are perfect for any book.
9. Making a Key Chain
Elastic can be used to make key chains that are both durable and stylish. You can use different colors and patterns of elastic to create key chains that are perfect for any occasion.
10. Making a Pet Collar
Elastic is a great material for making pet collars that are both comfortable and durable. You can use different colors and patterns of elastic to create pet collars that are perfect for any pet.
How To Sew Elastic
Elastic is a stretchy material that can be used to add stretch to clothing, swimwear, and other garments. It is available in a variety of widths and thicknesses, so you can find the perfect elastic for your project. Sewing elastic is not difficult, but there are a few things you need to know to get started.
Materials:
- Elastic
- Thread
- Sewing machine
- Scissors
Instructions:
- Cut the elastic to the desired length.
- Fold the elastic in half and pin it to the edge of the fabric.
- Sew the elastic to the fabric using a zigzag stitch.
- Trim any excess elastic and thread.
Here are a few tips for sewing elastic:
- Use a stretch needle when sewing elastic. This will help to prevent the needle from breaking.
- Sew the elastic on a low tension setting. This will help to prevent the fabric from puckering.
- Test the stretch of the elastic before you sew it to the fabric. This will help to ensure that the elastic is not too tight or too loose.
People Also Ask
How do I sew elastic to fabric without it puckering?
To sew elastic to fabric without it puckering, you need to use a stretch needle and sew on a low tension setting. You should also test the stretch of the elastic before you sew it to the fabric to make sure that it is not too tight or too loose.
What type of elastic should I use for swimwear?
For swimwear, you should use a wide, flat elastic that is specifically designed for swimwear. This type of elastic will be more durable and will not lose its stretch over time.
Can I sew elastic by hand?
Yes, you can sew elastic by hand. However, it is more difficult than sewing it with a sewing machine. To sew elastic by hand, you will need to use a small, sharp needle and a strong thread. You will also need to be patient, as it can take some time to sew elastic by hand.
